كل مايخص تكيس المبايض من الناحية التغذوية بأجدد الدراسات

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that causes irregular menstrual periods because monthly ovulation is not occurring and levels of androgens (male hormones) in women are elevated.

The condition occurs in about 5 to 10 percent of women

Women with PCOS are overweight or obese, and they are at higher than average risk of developing diabetes

Although PCOS is not completely reversible.

PCOS CAUSE

The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not completely understood

It is believed that abnormal levels of the pituitary hormone luteinizing hormone (LH) and high levels of male hormones (androgens) interfere with normal function of the ovaries.

Weight gain and obesity

PCOS is associated with gradual weight gain and obesity in about one-half of women. For some women with PCOS, obesity develops at the time of puberty.

Insulin abnormalities

PCOS is associated with elevated levels of insulin in the blood.

Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia can occur in both normal-weight and overweight women with PCOS.

PCOS TREATMENTS

1 - Oral contraceptives — Oral contraceptives (OCs; with combined estrogen and progestin) are the most commonly used treatment for regulating menstrual periods in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

this does not mean that the PCOS is “cured;” irregular cycles generally return when the OC is stopped.

**Many women worry that they will gain weight on the pill. This is not a concern with the currently available low-dose pills

دي اجابة واضحة لكل المرضى اللي بيقولو انو حبوب منع الحمل تمتن او ما تمتن

2 - Weight loss — Weight loss is one of the most effective approaches for managing insulin abnormalities, For example, many overweight women with PCOS who lose 5 to 10 percent of their body weight notice that their periods become more regular. Weight loss can often be achieved with a program of diet and exercise.

Weight loss surgery may be an option for severely obese women with PCOS. Women can lose significant amounts of weight after surgery, which can restore normal menstrual cycles, reduce high androgen levels and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes

3- Metformin — Metformin (sample brand name: Glucophage) is medication that improves the effectiveness of insulin produced by the body It was developed as a treatment for type 2 diabetes but may be recommended for women with PCOS in selected situations.

●If a woman does not have regular menstrual cycles, the first-line treatment is a hormonal method of birth control, such as birth control pills. If the woman cannot take birth control pills, one alternative is to take metformin; a progestin is usually recommended, in addition to metformin, for six months or until menstrual cycles are regular. (See 'Progestin' above.)

●Metformin may help with weight loss. Although metformin is not a weight-loss drug, some studies have shown that women with PCOS who are on a low-calorie diet lose more weight when metformin is added. If metformin is used, it is essential that diet and exercise are also part of the recommended regimen because the weight that is lost in the early phase of metformin treatment may be regained over time.

http://www.uptodate.com/contents/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-beyond-the-basics

كل المعلومات الاساسية من ابتوديت

Nutrition Therapy for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

1- Weight loss of 5-10% if overweight or obese in 3 months.

2- Decreased caloric intake if weight loss is desired.

3- Decreased intake of enriched carbohydrates.

4- Increased fiber intake including fruits, vegetables, and beans.

5- Decreased fat intake, particularly saturated fat.

6- Smaller, more frequent meals (every 3-4 hours) to help control blood glucose levels.

7- Balanced meals including carbohydrates, protein, and fat.

8- At least 150 minutes of moderate or vigorous activity per week for diabetes prevention.

http://www.mckinley.illinois.edu/handouts/pcos.htm

* One approach involves modifying the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) to minimize the rise in insulin and glucose from food. Blueberries and apples, for example, are low-GI fruits that don’t raise insulin and glucose levels to the degree that high-GI bananas or pineapples do.

Marsh and colleagues compared the effects of a low-GI diet with a conventional diet (eg, high-fiber and moderate-to-high GI breads and cereals) in 96 women with PCOS without caloric restriction for 12 months. Those who followed the low-GI diet had significantly increased menstrual regularity (95% vs. 63% on a conventional diet) and insulin sensitivity. Women with high insulin levels at the start of the study experienced a twofold greater reduction in body fat following the low-GI diet compared with those on the conventional diet.

صراحة ما دورت على دي الدراسة ( خلاص مو لازم اكيد في دراسة زي كدا هههه)

Other nutrition strategies for PCOS involve modifying carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake or using meal replacements (eg, nutrition bars and drinks). A study in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed a high-protein diet (greater than 40% of calories from protein) without caloric restriction resulted in greater weight loss (7.7 kg vs. 3.3 kg, or roughly 17 lbs vs. 7 lbs) and body fat loss despite the lack of caloric reduction. In addition, those following a high-protein diet saw greater reductions in waist circumference and decreases in glucose than those following the standard protein diet.

http://www.todaysdietitian.com/newarchives/020314p40.shtml

اخر الدراسات والابحاث التغذوية بخصوص تكيس المبايض جمعتها وحطيتها هنا

Diet and nutrition in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): pointers for nutritional management.

Abstract

PCOS patients are not always markedly overweight but PCOS is strongly associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Effective approaches to nutrition and exercise improve endocrine features, reproductive function and cardiometabolic risk profile--even without marked weight loss. Recent studies allow us to make recommendations on macronutrient intake. Fat should be restricted to < or =30% of total calories with a low proportion of saturated fat. High intake of low GI carbohydrate contributes to dyslipidaemia and weight gain and also stimulates hunger and carbohydrate craving. Diet and exercise need to be tailored to the individual's needs and preferences. Calorie intake should be distributed between several meals per day with low intake from snacks and drinks. Use of drugs to either improve insulin sensitivity or to promote weight loss are justified as a short-term measure, and are most likely to be beneficial when used early in combination with diet and exercise

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18097891

Effects of increased dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratios in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Some evidence has suggested that a diet with a higher ratio of protein to carbohydrates has metabolic advantages in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of a high-protein (HP) diet to a standard-protein (SP) diet in women with PCOS.

Design: A controlled, 6-mo trial was conducted in 57 PCOS women. The women were assigned through rank minimization to one of the following 2 diets without caloric restriction: an HP diet (>40% of energy from protein and 30% of energy from fat) or an SP diet (<15% of energy from protein and 30% of energy from fat). The women received monthly dietary counseling. At baseline and 3 and 6 mo, anthropometric measurements were performed, and blood samples were collected.

Results: Seven women dropped out because of pregnancy, 23 women dropped out because of other reasons, and 27 women completed the study. The HP diet produced a greater weight loss (mean: 4.4 kg; 95% CI: 0.3, 8.6 kg) and body fat loss (mean: 4.3 kg; 95% CI: 0.9, 7.6 kg) than the SP diet after 6 mo. Waist circumference was reduced more by the HP diet than by the SP diet. The HP diet produced greater decreases in glucose than did the SP diet, which persisted after adjustment for weight changes. There were no differences in testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin, and blood lipids between the groups after 6 mo. However, adjustment for weight changes led to significantly lower testosterone concentrations in the SP-diet group than in the HP-diet group.

Conclusion: Replacement of carbohydrates with protein in ad libitum diets improves weight loss and improves glucose metabolism by an effect that seems to be independent of the weight loss and, thus, seems to offer an improved dietary treatment of PCOS women.

دي المكملات اللي ممكن نديها المرضى

Dietary Supplements

Additional options for older women with PCOS include dietary supplements, which have been reported to improve insulin sensitivity as well as metabolic and reproductive parameters. Taking 1.2 to 4 g daily of myo-inositol, for example, has been shown to enhance insulin resistance

الانوسيتول دا هوا نفسو فيتامين B8 طبعا اول مرة اسمع بيلو بس لو تبو تتثقفوا عن ودا الرابط يتكلم

عنه

دا الفيتامين مررررة مفيد لمرضى تكيس المبايض جتى في كتير دراسات تتكلم عن دا الموضوع راح اكتب عنه في مواضيع اخرى

طبعا دورت هل في فورمولا معينة يكون فيها الانوسيتول يعني زي الحليب او البودرة صراحة مالقيت شي !! بس لقيت انها مجرد حبوب زي باقي الفيتامينات >> ياريت كولنا نتشارك ونبحث

http://www.onlineholistichealth.com/supplements-2/vitamins/vitamin-b8-inositol.html

http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/SCOGS/ucm260436.htm