EFFECT OF EGG ON CHOLESTEROL

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

ان شاء الله تكونوا بصحة وسلامة

طبعا كالعادة الموضوع راح يكون طويل شويتين كملوا القراءة تكونوا مروقين جدا لانه موضوع مشبع جدا

طبعا موضوع البيض والكوليسترول جدا قديم والجدل فيه ما انتهى ولا راح ينتهي!!

لسبب واحد انه مافي INTERVENTION STUDIES اتعملت على دا الموضوع فلذلك لو بس وحدة دراسة تطلع راح نكون على بينة

طبعاً بإختلاف الآراء انه البيض المقروض ما يزيد عن ٣ حبات في الاسبوع وآراء بإنه البيض يوميا وحدة حبة عادي !!

فهنا في دا الموضوع انا بتكلم عن طريق دراسات وسيبوكم من الآراء لأن الآراء راح تكون مختلفة في الاخير ولكن الدراسات تثبت وتقصف الجبهات ...

طبعا فترة بحثي وحوستي في المواقع اخدت مني اسبوع يعني الموضوع متعب جدا اتمنى ان تدعوا لي بالجنة (دعوة في ظهر الغيب)

انا جمعت جميييييع الابحاث اللي حسيتها مناسبة ومفيدة واعتمدت في اخذ الابحاث على دي التلاتة مواقع

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

http://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/

وكمان لقيت ملف جميل زي الguild line تبع new zealand heart association

مختصر مجمع هرجة الدراسات والكم بيضة في اليوم والكلام دا كلو

The New Zealand Heart Foundation has previously recommended that people at high risk of heart disease limit egg intake to three eggs (yolks) per week. Whilst its original (1999) evidence paper found dietary cholesterol had little effect on blood cholesterol levels

The Australian Heart Foundation now recommend up to six eggs per week as part of a balanced diet for people with heart disease, and the British Heart Foundation removed restrictions on egg intake.

طيب الدراسات القديمة على ايش اعتمدت لمن قالوا انو البيض بيرفع الكوليسترول؟؟

الهرجة انو البيض طبعا معروف انه مكون من ٤ حاجات (فيتامين د + فيتامين ب١٢ + الكولين + الكارتينويد)

فوجدوا انه الكولين اللي في البيض هو السبب

وراح اكتبه بالتفصيل

Preliminary research suggests that microbes can metabolise choline to TMAO (trimethylamine-N-oxide). High levels of TMAO in the plasma have been associated with CVD in humans in epidemiological studies ,Studies have shown increased formation of TMAO with consumption of two or more eggs in a meal.

The latest American Heart Association and American College of Cardiologists position is that “there is insufficient evidence to determine whether lowering dietary cholesterol reduces LDL-cholesterol”.
Saturated fatty acids have a greater effect on blood cholesterol levels than dietary cholesterol,Eggs are often eaten as part of a cooked breakfast with foods such as bacon, sausages or white bread with butter, There are also lifestyle factors that may be more common in people who eat a greater number of eggs that could influence risk, such as smoking (in men) or low levels of physical activity.يعني الدهون المشبعة اللي راح تتأكل مع البيض هي اللي لها تأثير على الكوليسترول اكتر من الكوليسترول اللي في البيض

CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION AND SYNTHESIS

If dietary intake of cholesterol is moderate to high, absorption and production of cholesterol is reduced. Thus, LDL-cholesterol is more sensitive to low rather than high intakes of dietary cholesterol.(معلومة غريبة صح)!!!
If dietary intake of cholesterol is low, the body increases production and absorption.

يعني لو الكوليسترول في الجسم منخفض الجسم اصلا بيصنع كوليسترول

Furthermore, increases in dietary cholesterol might increase cholesterol removal from the body through the reverse cholesterol transport pathway.
طبعا اكيد جا سؤال في بالكم انو طالما الكوليسترول الزايد بيخرج نفسه من الجسم ليش في ناس عندهم الكوليسترول مرتفع ؟؟ طبعا في ناس معينين معرضين لدي الزيادة مش قاعدة بتمشي على الكل وراح اذكر دول الناس
Absorption of cholesterol can range from 20% to 80% in healthy subjects on a moderately low-cholesterol diet, and increases with aging.

SPECIAL POPULATIONS : دول الناس اللي ما بتمشي عليهم القاعدة

people with insulin resistance could be less sensitive to egg-induced increases in LDL and HDL cholesterol than those who are insulin sensitive,17 potentially due to reduced cholesterol absorption.28 Cholesterol synthesis is increased and absorption decreased in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Obesity and overweight may increase rate of cholesterol synthesis.

EVIDENCE OVERVIEW: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON EGGS AND RISK OF HEART DISEASE

The studies included in this section are all prospective cohort studies. these types of studies is that they can look at disease outcomes, rather than risk factors

However, they did find increased risk in people with type 2 diabetes. An earlier systematic review also found that once dietary confounders were taken into account, there was no association with one or more eggs per day and risk of CHD in people without diabetes

يعني كل الناس اللي ما عندهم سكري غير معرضين لامراض القلب ولكن الناس اللي معاهم السكري وبياكلوا بيض في علاقة

Two recent meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies found no evidence that an egg a day effects CHD or CVD outcomes
A re-analysis of data from three of the studies included in these reviews (Nurses’ Health study, Health Professionals Follow-Up study, NHANES data) estimated that one egg per day contributed to less than 1% of heart disease mortality
كمان عملوا تحليل مرة تانية وفعلا مافش اي علاقة ونسبة الاصابة بامراض القلب للناس اللي بياكلوا بيضة واحدة في اليوم ١٪ فقط يعني نسبة تكاد لا تذكر

A third meta-analysis of cohort studies had a contradictory finding. It concluded there was an association between egg consumption and CVD, with a 19% increased relative risk in the highest compared to lowest egg intake groups. In comparison to the other meta-analyses, this study included case-control and cross-sectional studies, which are weaker study designs.

دي كمان تالت دراسة ميتااناليسيس غير الاتنين اللي فوق في علاقة بين تناول البيض وامراض القلب ترا المقصود بامراض القلب في الدراسات انهم دارسين الكوليسترول معاها يعني مركزين على كل دهون الجسم اللي بتأثر على القلب سواء HDL,LDL,TOTAL CHOLEASTEROL بس دي الدراسة تعتبر جدا ضعيفة فما راح نعتمد عليها بشكل قوي

in two Swedish cohorts. Consumption of greater than 1 egg/day was associated with increased risk of heart failure in men only. Risk was even higher at 2 eggs/day.

meta-analysis on dietary cholesterol and CVD, including both cohort and intervention studies,Cohort studies did not identify any association between dietary cholesterol and increased risk of CVD. Study found consumption of more than six eggs per week was associated with a 23% increased risk of mortality ,Consumption of less than six eggs per week was not associated with increased risk.

EVIDENCE OVERVIEW: INTERVENTION STUDIES ON EGGS AND RISK FACTORS

There have not been any intervention studies investigating the effect of dietary cholesterol or eggs on heart disease outcomes. Although this would provide the strongest evidence.

للاسف لساتو مافي دراسات اتعملت من دا النوع ان شاء الله تطلعلنا دراسات زي كدا قريب

طبعا في حاجة جدا مهمة في دي الدراسات انها كتير منها ممول من شركات انتاج للبيض طبعا الشركات كولها امريكية فدا التمويل للدراسة يعتبر نقطة سلبية في الدراسة، بس طبعا مو كل الدراسات ممولة لا في بعضها غير ممول

Finally…

Therefore, New Zealand Heart Foundation’s recommendations for egg intake:

People at Increased Heart Disease Risk (including those with Type 2 diabetes): Eat up to six eggs per week as part of a heart-healthy eating pattern.
General Healthy Population: Eggs can be included as part of a heart-healthy eating pattern – no upper level of intake recommended.

Whilst the evidence is not clear enough to say that there is no association between dietary cholesterol and heart disease risk, there is also not strong enough evidence to warrant continuing recommendations to limit egg intake to three per week.

In summary, based on the available evidence, for people at risk of heart disease intake of less than six to seven eggs per week is unlikely to have any substantive influence on heart disease risk. Recommendations for the general population should remain that eggs can be included as part of a heart healthy eating pattern. The exception is people with type 2 diabetes, for whom eggs may increase risk, and possibly people with heart failure.

“There are more important changes people should be focusing on…rather than restricting egg intake.”